Informatics Publishing Limited

M. Venkata Dasu ¹, V. R. Anitha ², Fahimuddin Shaik ³, B. Abdul Rahim ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of ECE, Sri Vidya Nikethan Engineering College, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of ECE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
4 Department of ECE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology &sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Today we see rapid advancement in the field of Digital image processing and various enhancement techniques have been proposed for the extraction of details in color images. Decorrelation stretching is a method utilized to enhance the color component separation of an image with significant band-band correlation. It is also used as a data visualization tool for improving visual interpretation and make feature discrimination easier. It puts emphasis on high degree of scene variations. The net effect of the process is to obtain an output image whose pixels are well distributed among all possible colors, while preserving the relative sense of hue, saturation, and intensity. By performing linear contrast stretch on the obtained image will enhance the color ranges of the image. For further investigation, the color scatter plot of the image are obtained, which shows how the bands are decorrelated and equalized. The main objective of this paper is to obtain the color separation of images with the help of decorrelation stretching, linear contrast stretch and the color scatter plot of satellite images to investigate the area of vegetation, rock and water content.

Keywords

Decorrelation Stretching, Histogram, Karhunen-Loeve Transformation, Color Scatter Plot.

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V. Pani Kumar ¹, Fahimuddin Shaik ², M. N. Giri Prasad ³, B. Abdul Rahim ²

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, AITS, Rajampet, IN
2 Department of ECE, AITS, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 JNT University CE, Pulivendula, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Acute leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells or blasts play important role for hematologists in their diagnostic process. The acute leukemia is divided into acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), depending on whether specific white blood cells called lymphocytes (or myelocytes), are involved. Leukemia images from looking at a sample of patient blood, can determine the abnormal levels of white blood cells, to process a acute leukemia images so that the result is more suitable than the original image for a medical application. However, there are blurriness and effects of unwanted noise on blood leukemia images that sometimes result in false diagnosis. To over come this problem image pre-processing such as image enhancement techniques are needed. The results show that the global contrast stretching is the best technique that helps to improve the image quality.

Keywords

Image Enhancement, Contrast Stretching, Local Contrast, Global Contrast, Partial Contrast, Bright Contrast, Dark Contrast, Acute Leukemia.

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B. Abdul Rahim ¹, K. Soundarar Rajan ²

Affiliations
1 Department of ECE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences, Rajampet, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of ECE, JNTUA College of Engineering, Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Fault-tolerant real-time systems are applied with more complex and critical applications in automobile, aircraft and railway industry. Such critical applications impose high dependability and reliability requirements. Reliability in Safety critical systems are designed to be redundant systems with increased complexity. Task activation and scheduling for highly dynamic systems become more complex when event-triggered approach is used which can be overcome by time-triggered approach systems. These systems can be simple table-driven where timing is guaranteed which is to avoid the risk of missing a critical deadline. Hence the real-time systems architecture which has time-predictability becomes easy for validation. The interface in such systems is a time-triggered state message interface required to block all asynchronous external control signals, otherwise it disrupts the deterministic timing of the subsystem. This gives transparent fault tolerance in time domain as well as in value domain for the safety critical real-time system.

Keywords

Fault Tolerance, Real-Time Systems, Event-Triggered and Time-Triggered Approaches.

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B. Narendra ¹, B. Abdul Rahim ², Fahimuddin Shaik ², K. Jayasree ¹

Affiliations
1 Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Science, Rajampet, Kadapa, A.P, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Science, Rajampet, Kadapa, A.P, IN

Abstract

The Reconstruction in Image processing is oriented towards modeling the degradation and applying the inverse process in order to recover the original image. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging and spectroscopy provide a number of practical applications for both clinical and scientific purposes. To obtain good quality images with Magnetic Resonance (MR), it is necessary to have good spatial homogeneity in the Bo field for the region of imaging. Field homogeneity is difficult to achieve, particularly for short bore magnets and higher fields. There are several post-processing techniques adopted for correcting the distortions. But these are not gives the theoretical background. The proposed technique FRFT for reconstructing the MR signal acquired under the presence of quadratic fields. The FRFT provides a precise theoretical framework to understand the distortions and to reconstruct MR data.

Keywords

Fractional Fourier Transform Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Quadratic Fields, Image Degradation, Image Reconstruction, Time-Frequency Domain.

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M. Hanumanthu ¹, N. Bala Dastagiri ¹, B. Abdul Rahim ², P. Somasundar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Rajampet - 516126, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Rajampet - 516126, Andhra Pradesh

Abstract

Background/Objective: To design the AND, OR type circuits based on foot based and foot-less based gate domino logic and compare the results. Methods/Statistics: Nowadays VLSI circuits are expected to operate with low power, high speed, less area and noise tolerance. The major challenge in VLSI circuits is to obtain high performance. There are several digital logic techniques available viz. pseudo static CMOS, pass-transistor logic, complementary pass-transistor logic, GDI, dynamic CMOS logic, domino CMOS logic, which can be used to achieve high performance circuits. Findings: Static CMOS circuits have both pull down and pull up networks, but the disadvantage is, total number of transistors in the circuit is more. The dynamic logic circuits overcome the disadvantage of static complementary MOS. On the other side dynamic logic suffers from charge leakage, charge sharing and noise sensitivity, due to sub-threshold leakage current flow in the Pull Down Network (PDN), called stacking effect. When we scale down the technology, these effects will also get increased.

Keywords

Footed, Foot-Less Domino, Power Dissipation

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